(1072) The association between maternal preeclampsia and long-term offspring respiratory disease- sibling matched analysis

Objective: To assess the association between maternal preeclampsia and long-term respiratory morbidity in offspring. While short-term neonatal complications of preeclampsia are well understood, its influence on long-term respiratory outcomes remains unclear. Prior research suggests an increased risk of respiratory diseases, but these studies lacked comprehensive control for confounding factors. Our sibling-matched analysis addresses this gap, providing insights into the long-term respiratory impact of preeclampsia.

Study Design: A retrospective study was conducted, including parous women who were diagnosed with preeclampsia in one pregnancy. Using a sibling-matched analysis, we compared prenatally preeclampsia-exposed siblings with their unexposed counterparts. Incidence of the offspring's hospitalization with specific respiratory morbidities were compared between the siblings, as well as the time to first hospitalization with such a diagnosis. Multivariable generalized estimation equation (GEE) analysis was performed to adjust for confounding variables. 

Results:

Our cohort included 8,544, half of whom were exposed to maternal preeclampsia. Higher cumulative respiratory hospitalization rates were noted in the preeclampsia group, using a Kaplan-Meier survival curve (log-rank, p< 0.019; Figure). However, crude rates of total respiratory hospitalizations were not statistically different between the groups, (5.2% vs 4.5% respectively; OR= 1.13; 95% CI 0.72-1.06, P=0.202; Table). The GEE model which adjusted for maternal and gestational age, and time of exposure, did not show a significant association between preeclampsia and offspring’s risk for long-term respiratory hospitalization (adjusted HR = 1.11; 95% CI 0.91-1.33, P =0.305; Table).

Conclusion:

In this study, through sibling analysis and confounder adjustment, we discovered no increased risk of respiratory morbidity for offspring born from pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia. Our results underscore the importance of confounder consideration and sibling correlation when estimating the long-term impacts of preeclampsia on offspring's respiratory health.