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Ultrasound/Imaging

Poster Session 4

(1160) The impact of 'low sugar diet' on amniotic fluid index in patients with idiopathic polyhydramnios

Wednesday, February 14, 2024
1:00 PM – 2:30 PM  
Location: Prince George's Exhibit Hall CDE, Lower Atrium Level
Objective: Polyhydramnios is involved in approximately 2% of pregnancies.  The leading known cause is gestational diabetes, and a strict diet resolved the problem in most cases. However, in about 60% of the patients, the cause is not identified. The aim of the study is to evaluate the influence of a low simple carbohydrate, high vegetable and fiber diet consumption on the amniotic fluid index (AFI) in women with idiopathic polyhydramnios.

Study Design:

A total of 50 pregnant women were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group received dietary recommendations aimed at promoting a healthy diet, including a low simple carbohydrate and high vegetable and fiber diet. The control group was given a normal diet for pregnant women. The AFI was measured after two weeks blindly by a different sonographer. The primary outcome was the AFI measured two weeks after the implementation. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared as secondary outcomes.

Results: AFI decreased on average by 18.4% and 4.8%, respectively, in favor of the intervention group (p-value=0.003). A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups when measured after two weeks (22.7 cm and 25.9 cm, respectively) (table 1). A significant decrease of 6.7% was shown in neonatal weight at birth in the intervention group. In 15 of 22 patients in the study group, AFI returned to normal after 2 weeks, a reduction from 27 cm at enrollment in the study, to an average of 20 cm (a decrease of 25.7% in AFI). No difference was seen in maternal or neonatal outcomes.

Conclusion:

'Idiopathic Polyhydramnios' in most cases is due to high sugar levels in the blood of pregnant women and can be treated by a proper diet of complex carbohydrates, vegetables, and fruits and a reduction in free sugar. We offer a therapeutic alternative without any danger or potential harm and with a positive effect for the pregnant woman and the newborn.